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Digital printing |
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Digital printing is the reproduction of digital images
on physical surface, such as common or photographic paper,
film, cloth, plastic, etc.
It can be differentiated from litho printing in many ways,
some of which are;
Every impression made onto the paper can be different,
as opposed to making several hundred or thousand impressions
of the same thing from one set of plates, as in traditional
methods.
The Ink or Toner does not absorb into the paper, as does
conventional Ink, but forms a layer on the surface.
It generally requires less waste in terms of chemicals
used and paper wasted in set up.
It is excellent for rapid prototyping, or small print runs
which means that it is more accessible to a wider range
of designers.
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Digital image processing |
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Digital image processing is the use of computer algorithms
to perform image processing on digital images. As a subfield
digital signal processing, digital image processing has many
advantages over analog image processing; it allows a much
wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data,
and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and
signal distortion during processing. |
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Digital camera images |
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Digital cameras generally include dedicated digital image
processing chips to convert the raw data from the image sensor
into a color-corrected image in a standard image file format.
Images from digital cameras often receive further processing
to improve their quality, a distinct advantage digital cameras
have over film cameras. The digital image processing is typically
done by special software programs that can manipulate the
images in many ways.
Variable-data printing (VDP) (also known as variable-information
printing (VIP)) is a form of on-demand printing in which
elements such as text, graphics and images may be changed
from one printed piece to the next without stopping or slowing
down the printing process, using information from a database
or external file. For example, a set of personalized letters,
each with the same basic layout, can be printed with a different
name and address on each letter. Variable data printing is
mainly used for direct marketing, customer relationship management
and advertising and invoicing.
The technique is a direct outgrowth of digital printing,
which harnesses computer databases and digital print devices
to create high-quality, full color documents, with a look
and feel comparable to conventional offset printing.
Variable data printing enables the mass customization
of documents via digital print technology, as opposed to
the 'mass-production' of a single document using offset
lithography. Instead of producing 10,000 copies of a single
document, delivering a single message to 10,000 customers,
variable data printing could print 10,000 unique documents
with customized messages for each customer.
There are two main operational modes to VDP. In one methodology,
the document template and the variable information are
both sent to Raster Image Processor (RIP) which combines
the two to produce each unique document. The other methodology
is to combine the static and variable elements prior to
printing, using specialized VDP software applications.
These applications produce an optimized print stream, such
as PostScript and PPML, which organize the print stream
efficiently so that the static elements are only processed
once by the RIP.
There are several levels of variable printing. The most
basic level involves changing the salutation or name on
each copy. More complicated variable data printing uses
'versioning', where there may be differing amounts of customization
for different markets, with text and images changing for
groups of addressees based upon which segment of the market
is being addressed. Finally there is full variability printing,
where the text and images can be altered for each individual
addressee. All three types of variable data printing begin
with a basic design that indicates which sections can be
altered and a database of information that fills in the
changeable fields. Since 2005, the term TransPromo or transpromotional
has emerged to cover the merging of promotional content
and transactional print pieces by involving more business
users in the printing process.
The returns for variable printing vary from double the
normal return at the basic level to 10-15 times the return
for fully variable jobs. This naturally depends on content
and the relevancy of that content, but the technique presents
an effective tool for increasing ROI on marketing campaigns.
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